java算术表达式求值怎么写

   2025-02-15 2820
核心提示:要求解一个算术表达式的值,可以使用栈来实现。具体步骤如下:创建两个栈,一个用于存储操作符(operatorStack),一个用于存储操

要求解一个算术表达式的值,可以使用栈来实现。具体步骤如下:

创建两个栈,一个用于存储操作符(operatorStack),一个用于存储操作数(numberStack)。遍历表达式的每个字符,进行如下操作:如果字符是空格,则忽略。如果字符是数字,则将其转换为数字,并将其压入numberStack。如果字符是’(',则将其压入operatorStack。如果字符是’)‘,则从operatorStack中弹出操作符,直到遇到’('。对于每个弹出的操作符,从numberStack中弹出两个操作数进行运算,将结果压入numberStack。如果字符是运算符,分两种情况处理:如果operatorStack为空,或者栈顶操作符是’(',则将运算符直接压入operatorStack。否则,将当前运算符和栈顶操作符进行比较,如果当前运算符的优先级小于等于栈顶操作符,则从operatorStack中弹出操作符,从numberStack中弹出两个操作数进行运算,将结果压入numberStack。重复此操作,直到当前运算符的优先级大于栈顶操作符,或者operatorStack为空。然后将当前运算符压入operatorStack。当遍历完表达式后,从operatorStack中依次弹出操作符,从numberStack中弹出两个操作数进行运算,将结果压入numberStack。重复此操作,直到operatorStack为空。最后,numberStack中剩下的唯一元素就是表达式的值。

以下是一个示例代码:

import java.util.Stack;public class ExpressionEvaluation {    public static double evaluateExpression(String expression) {        Stack<Character> operatorStack = new Stack<>();        Stack<Double> numberStack = new Stack<>();        for (int i = 0; i < expression.length(); i++) {            char c = expression.charAt(i);            if (c == ' ') {                continue;            } else if (Character.isDigit(c)) {                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();                while (i < expression.length() && (Character.isDigit(expression.charAt(i)) || expression.charAt(i) == '.')) {                    sb.append(expression.charAt(i));                    i++;                }                i--;                double number = Double.parseDouble(sb.toString());                numberStack.push(number);            } else if (c == '(') {                operatorStack.push(c);            } else if (c == ')') {                while (!operatorStack.isEmpty() && operatorStack.peek() != '(') {                    char operator = operatorStack.pop();                    double operand2 = numberStack.pop();                    double operand1 = numberStack.pop();                    double result = applyOperator(operator, operand1, operand2);                    numberStack.push(result);                }                operatorStack.pop();  // 弹出左括号            } else if (isOperator(c)) {                while (!operatorStack.isEmpty() && operatorStack.peek() != '(' && getPrecedence(c) <= getPrecedence(operatorStack.peek())) {                    char operator = operatorStack.pop();                    double operand2 = numberStack.pop();                    double operand1 = numberStack.pop();                    double result = applyOperator(operator, operand1, operand2);                    numberStack.push(result);                }                operatorStack.push(c);            }        }        while (!operatorStack.isEmpty()) {            char operator = operatorStack.pop();            double operand2 = numberStack.pop();            double operand1 = numberStack.pop();            double result = applyOperator(operator, operand1, operand2);            numberStack.push(result);        }        return numberStack.pop();    }    private static boolean isOperator(char c) {        return c == '+' || c == '-' || c == '*' || c == '/';    }    private static int getPrecedence(char operator) {        if (operator == '+' || operator == '-') {            return 1;        } else if (operator == '*' || operator == '/') {            return 2;        } else {            return 0;        }    }    private static double applyOperator(char operator, double operand1, double operand2) {        switch (operator) {            case '+': return operand1 + operand2;            case '-': return operand1 - operand2;            case '*': return operand1 * operand2;            case '/': return operand

 
 
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